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MYSQL v1.0 </doc>

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MySQL

MySQL은 데이터베이스 소프트웨어입니다. 일반적으로 데이터를 추가하거나 검색, 추출하는 기능을 모두 포함해서 데이터베이스라고 부릅니다.

MySQL은 세계에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 오픈소스의 관계형 데이터베이스 관리 시스템(RDBMS)입니다. MySQL은 PHP 스크립트 언어와 상호 연동이 잘 되면서 오픈소스로 개발된 무료 프로그램입니다. 그래서 홈페이지나 쇼핑몰(워드프레스, cafe24, 제로보드, 그누보드) 등 일반적으로 웹 개발에 널리 사용하고 있습니다.

MySQL 설치

MAMP 설치

MySQL

MySQL 실행

윈도우 : cd MAMP/bin/mysql/bin
로그인 : mysql -uroot -proot / 상위 폴더로 가기 : cd.. / 최상단으로 가기 : cd\ 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MySQL
맥 : cd applications/mamp/Libary/bin 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

데이터베이스

데이터베이스 만들기

create database 데이터베이스 이름; 
create database sample01
    mysql> create database sample01;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

데이터베이스 보기

show databases; 복수형으로 써야함 
show databases   
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | performance_schema |
    | sys                |
    +--------------------+

데이터베이스 사용

use 데이터베이스 이름; 
use sample01
    mysql> use sample01
    Database changed

데이터베이스 삭제

drop database 삭제할 데이터베이스 이름; 
drop database sample01
    mysql> drop database sample01;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

테이블

테이블 만들기

create table 테이블 이름;
숫자열은 int( )
문자열은 varchar( ) 
CREATE TABLE myMember (
    memberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(12) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(10) NOT NULL,
    youPhone int(20) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (memberID)
) charset=utf8;

테이블 전체 보기

show tables; 
mysql> show tables;
    +--------------------+
    | Tables_in_sample01 |
    +--------------------+
    | mymember           |
    +--------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 보기

desc 테이블 이름; 
mysql> desc myMember;
    +------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
    | Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
    +------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
    | myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
    | youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    | youName    | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    | youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    | youBirth   | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    | regTime    | int(11)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    +------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
    6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

테이블 삭제

drop table 삭제할 테이블 이름; 
mysql> drop table myMember2;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

테이블 복사

테이블 구조, 데이터 복사

create table 새로운 테이블명 SELECT * FROM 복사할 테이블명; 
create table myMember1 SELECT * FROM myMember;

테이블 구조 복사

create table 새로운 테이블명 LIKE 복사할 테이블명; 
CREATE TABLE myMember2 LIKE myMember;

테이블 데이터 복사

INSERT INTO 새로운 테이블명 SELECT * FROM 복사할 테이블명 
INSERT INTO myMember3 SELECT * FROM myMember;

테이블 수정

필드 추가하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 ADD 추가할 필드명 AFTER 필드명 위치; 
ALTER TABLE myMember ADD youGender enum('m', 'w', 'x') default 'x' comment "남성은 m, 여성은 w" AFTER youBirth;

mysql> desc myMember;
    +------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
    | Field      | Type              | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
    +------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
    | myMemberID | int(10) unsigned  | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
    | youEmail   | varchar(40)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    | youName    | varchar(12)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    | youPass    | varchar(20)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    | youBirth   | varchar(12)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    | youGender  | enum('m','w','x') | YES  |     | x       |                |
    | regTime    | int(11)           | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
    +------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
    7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

필드 수정하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 MODIFY 수정할 필드명 
mysql> ALTER TABLE myMember2 MODIFY youName int(20);

+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youName    | int(20)          | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

필드 삭제하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 DROP 삭제할 필드명 
ALTER TABLE myMember2 DROP youGender;

테이블 데이터

데이터 입력하기

INSERT INTO 테이블 이름(필드명) VALUES(데이터) 

    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('apdlvmf8044@gmail.com', '송준섭', 'qweasdf', '19931120', '30', '01088648044', '21846351');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('webstoryboy@naver.com','황상연','12dfsdecv','19920405','33','01039858583','578365839');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('jungsik321@naver.com', '김정식', '1234', '19930209', '30', '01025738580', '20220314');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('ik6623@naver.com','박종호','1234qwer','19950909','28','01040976623','10293857');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('rmsgur2275@gmail.com','박근혁','alcls2860','19980611','25','01058122860', '12345678');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('sbxjs6999@naver.com','박근희','1234qwer','19970214','28','01041046999','12345678');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('seongwoo@lycos.com','박성우','123456asd','19910506','32', '01044779156','54216451');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('dnwls7738@naver.com','천우진', '12asdf', '19960324', '27', '01055805274', '45678941');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('dnstjq6305@naver.com', '조운섭', 'qweasdf', '19911110', '32', '01024068904', '12345678');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('lhw1847@gmail.com','이현우','1234','19971221','26', '01055332287', '0303');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('dhtpfls321@naver.com', '오세린', '1234', '19980214', '25', '01032229944', '12345678');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('GarenChoi@naver.com','최근영','1234','19970117','26','01054651345','234');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('sna12345@naver.com', '배석찬','1234','19960727','27','01033125279','03270327');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('wwuu123@naver.com','최가영','12345678','19970506','26','01066179991','12345678');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('illie@naver.com', '류성일', 'ryuPass', '19940426', '29', '01055327391', '1440');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('jsjh442@naver.com','박지선','1234','19980423','25','01057421662','12341234');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('ohwehoh@naver.com','이연우','dldus1358','19950720','28','01014141441','12341234');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('go_goa@naver.com' ,'김현우', '159753', '19920126', '31', '01087361836', '40250371');
    INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('placidcy@gmail.com', '김지섭', '1234', '19900212', '32', '01011112222','20220314');

데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명; (검색기능)

전체 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM myMember;

조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 WHERE 조건;

회원 아이디가 10번인 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID = 10;

회원 아이디가 10번이 아닌경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID <> 10;

회원 아이디가 5~10번인 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID >=5 AND memberID <11;

범위 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 BETWEEN 시작값 AND 끝값;

회원 아이디가 5~10번인 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

회원 아이디가 5~10번이 아닌 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID NOT BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

해당 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 IN(값1, 값2, 값3...); 
SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID IN (4, 6, 13, 14);

패턴 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 LIKE;

이메일 중에 naver 텍스트가 포함된 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youEmail LIKE '%naver%';

이메일 중에 web 텍스트로 시작되는 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youEmail LIKE 'web%';

이메일 중에 com 텍스트로 끝나는 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youEmail LIKE '%com';

이름 중에 '김'씨로 시작되는 멤버인 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName LIKE '김%';

이름 중에 '김'씨 이거나 '황'씨인 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName LIKE '김%' OR youName LIKE'황%';

이름 중에 중간 글자가 '근'인 경우(%는 문자열, _은 1개의 글자)

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName LIKE '_근_';
SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName LIKE '__섭';

NULL 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 IS NULL; 
SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName IS NULL;
SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName IS NOT NULL;

논리 연산자 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 연산자;

나이가 30살 이상이거나 또는(OR) 김씨인 멤버

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youAge >=30 OR youName LIKE '김%';

나이가 20살 이상이면서(AND) 김씨인 멤버

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youAge >=20 AND youName LIKE '김%';

멤버아이디가 2또는 10 그리고 나이가 30이상인 경우

SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE (memberID=2 OR memberID=10) AND youAge >= 30;

데이터 갯수 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블명 LIMIT 표시할 수; 
SELECT * FROM myMember LIMIT 12;
SELECT * FROM myMember LIMIT 10, 20;
SELECT youEmail FROM myMember LIMIT 5, 10;

내림차순/오름차순

SELECT * FROM 테이블명 ORDER by 컬럼명 정렬방식; 
SELECT * FROM myMember ORDER BY youAge DESC;
SELECT * FROM myMember ORDER BY youAge ASC;

데이터 수정하기

UPDATE 테이블명 SET 컬럼명 조건

모든 회원의 비밀번호를 '1234' 변경

UPDATE myMember SET youPass = '1234';

아이디 번호가 3, 비밀번호를 '1234' 변경

UPDATE myMember SET youPass = '1234' WHERE boardID = 3;

5번부터 10번 회원의 비밀번호를 '12344567' 변경

UPDATE myMember SET youPass = '1234567' WHERE memberID BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

아이디 내림차순(아이디가 뒤에서부터 10명의 회원의 비밀번호를 ****로 변경)

UPDATE myMember SET youPass = '****' ORDER BY memberID DESC LIMIT 10;

데이터 삭제하기

전체 데이터 삭제

DELETE FROM 테이블명 or DELETE * FROM 테이블명 
DELETE FROM myMember

조건 데이터 삭제

DELETE FROM 테이블명 조건

조건 삭제 : 회원 아이디가 5번인 멤버를 삭제

DELETE FROM myMember WHERE memberID = 5;

조건 삭제 : 패스워드가 '****' 멤버를 삭제

DELETE FROM myMember WHERE youPass = '****';

정렬 삭제 : 이름을 기준으로 5번째 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM myMember ORDER BY youName LIMIT 5;

지정 삭제 : 지정한 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM myMember WHERE memberID in(2);

테이블 합치기

JOIN 사용하기

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 엘리어스 JOIN 연결할 테이블명 엘리어스 ON(조건문); 
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont, r.regTime FROM myMember m JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);
CREATE TABLE myMember (
    memberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(12) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(10) NOT NULL,
    youPhone int(20) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (memberID)
) charset=utf8;

CREATE TABLE myReview (
    reviewID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    memberID int(10) unsigned,
    youCont tinytext NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (reviewID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('2', '정말 감사합니다. 너무 좋네요!', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('6', '좋은 정보 감사합니다.', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('12', '잘 보고 갑니다.', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('5', '가성비 정말 좋네요', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('15', '여기 위치가 매우 좋아요!', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('6', '안녕하세요', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('16', '정말 좋은 글이네요.', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('7', '유용한 정보 감사합니다.', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('17', '정말 재밌습니다.', '124132');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('8', '누구나 이용가능한가요?', '124132');

필드명 바꾸기

SELECT 필드명 AS 기존 필드명 대신 출력할 필드명 FROM 테이블명 
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont, r.regTime AS reviewTime FROM myMember m JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);

필드 내용이 없는 경우 표시

LEFT JOIN 
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont, r.regTime FROM myMember m LEFT JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);

집계 함수

CREATE TABLE myRecode (
    recodeID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    memberID int(10) unsigned,
    javascript tinyint NOT NULL,
    html tinyint NOT NULL,
    css tinyint NOT NULL,
    mysql tinyint NOT NULL,
    react tinyint NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (recodeID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(1, 80, 90, 90, 50, 30);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(2, 70, 50, 40, 50, 30);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(3, 60, 85, 75, 40, 10);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(4, 65, 95, 95, 50, 30);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(5, 40, 60, 70, 20, 30);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(6, 70, 80, 65, 40, 40);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(7, 60, 20, 85, 20, 10);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(8, 50, 40, 75, 70, 40);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(9, 40, 60, 95, 40, 60);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(10, 30, 10, 90, 50, 70);

집계 함수의 종류

SELECT COUNT(javascript) FROM myRecode;
SELECT SUM(javascript) FROM myRecode;
SELECT AVG(javascript) FROM myRecode;
SELECT MAX(javascript) FROM myRecode;
SELECT MIN(javascript) FROM myRecode;

그룹별 집계

GROUP BY

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 GROUP BY 필드명